Why do 3D printers use stepper motors as opposed to servo motors?
Simplicity of control.
It is possible to precisely control the position of a stepper motor simply by counting the number of step pulses that you have sent to the stepper driver. The only position feedback you need is a limit switch to tell you when you have reached your home position. A 3D printer will run every motor into the home position at the start of a print, and from then on will know the position of the head by remembering how many steps were sent to each of the stepper motors. As long as the stepper doesn’t skip a step, which it will not if the hardware is working properly, then the position of the print head will be precisely known.
A servomotor, on the other hand, needs a constant feedback of its position at all times in order to control where the print head is precisely. This tends to cost more and involve more complicated hardware. There have been a few printers made using DC servo motors instead of steppers, but they tend to either cost a lot more than printers with stepper motors, or if built very cheaply they don’t work nearly as well.
Fast Response,Better Acceleration Performance
Thanks to a robust design they can be selected for the harshest environments. Precise, open-loop, speed and position control can be achieved with the application of full step, half step, or microstepping electronics.
Stepping angle is adjustable( rang in 18°±5%）， 0.9 °stepper motor's stepping angle is smaller, fineness is higher and positioning is more accurate.Avoiding vibration,runs more smoothly and gets lower noise.
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